India's Best Institute for CSIR(NET),GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST TIFR & IIT JEE
Fiziks is a Private Coaching Institute for CSIR-NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, IIT-JEE,JEST, TIFR, JNU, and other entrance examinations for M.Sc., MTech. and Ph.D. program.
As the nation is witnessing lock down because of COVID-19, consultants and students alike square measure discussing whether or not syllabus for JEE Main 2021 ought to be reduced or not. MHRD declared half-hour reduction in CBSE category XI and XII syllabus on July seven, 2020. This possibly will impact the syllabus of JEE Main 2021. Generally, the official notification for JEE Main is out within the month of September-October, once that students strategize their preparation blueprint. By now, JEE aspirants finishtheir board exams and focus majorly on the engineering entrance check. However, the case this year is completely different with board exams getting delayed, so deed no time for college kids to arrange.
JEE Main 2021 aspirants are looking for the reduction within the syllabus for the net entrance check. although the case is however not clear, and things are going to be processed by the NTA at desired time, a prospect of reduction in syllabus is speculated. As per experts' opinions, with the reduction in time for preparation, NTA might take into account the purpose of reducing JEE Main 2021 syllabus. Meanwhile, candidates square measure expected to figure on their thought method and brace oneself for the examination. little question a discount in syllabus will cut back the burden upon students’ shoulders, however aspirants square measure suggested to arrange as they wont to do earlier. With CBSE’s step of syllabus reduction for sophistication XI and XII, the possibilities of reduction in JEE Main syllabus for successive session have multiplied.
JEE Main 2021 B.E/B.Tech paper carries with it 3 sections: Physics, Chemistry, arithmetic distributed over seventy five queries (25 queries in every section), that candidates have to complete given a closing time of three hours. The questions are MCQ based mostly which grant four marks for each right answer and a negative mark for each incorrect answer.
UNIT |
TOPICS |
Unit 1: Sets, relations and functions |
Sets, relations and functions Sets and their illustration, Union, intersection, and complement of sets and their pure mathematics properties, Power set; Relation, varieties of relations, equivalence relations, functions; One-one, into and onto functions, the composition of functions. |
Unit 2: Complex numbers and quadratic equations |
Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals, illustration of advanced numbers within the type a+ib and their illustration during a plane, Argand diagram, pure mathematics of advanced numbers, modulus and argument (or amplitude) of a fancy range, root of a fancy range, triangle difference, Quadratic equations in real and complicated range systems and their solutions. The relation between roots and coefficients, nature of roots, the formation of quadratic equations with given roots. |
Unit 3: Matrices and determinants |
Matrices, pure mathematics of matrices, varieties of matrices, Determinants and matrices of order 2 and 3. Properties of determinants, analysis of determinants, space of triangles mistreatment determinants. Adjoint and analysis of inverse of a matrix mistreatment determinants and elementary transformations, check of consistency and resolution of coinciding linear equations in 2 or 3 variables mistreatment determinants and matrices. |
Unit 4: Permutations and combinations |
Fundamental principle of numeration, Permutation as a rendezvous and combination as choice, which means of P (n,r) and C (n,r), straightforward applications |
Unit 5: Mathematical induction |
Principle of Mathematical Induction and its straightforward applications |
Unit 6: Sequences and series |
Arithmetic and Geometric progressions, Insertion of arithmetic, Geometric means that between 2 given numbers, Relation between A.M. and G.M. total upto n terms of special series: S n, S n2, Sn3 and Arithmetic – patterned advance |
Unit 7: Binomial theorem and its simple applications |
Binomial theorem for a positive integral index, General term and term, Properties of Binomial coefficients and straightforward applications
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UNIT 8: Limit, continuity and differentiability |
Real – valued functions, pure mathematics of functions,Polynomials, Rational, pure mathematics, exponent and exponential functions, Inverse functions Graphs of straightforward functions Limits, continuity and differentiability, Differentiation of the total, difference, product and quotient of 2 functions Differentiation of pure mathematics, Inverse pure mathematics, exponent, Exponential, Composite and implicit functions, Derivatives of order upto 2, Rolle’s and Lagrange’s mean Theorems Applications of derivatives: Rate of modification of quantities, monotonic – increasing and decreasing functions,, Maxima and minima of functions of 1 variable and Tangents and normals |
Unit 9: Integral calculus |
Integral as associate degree anti – by-product, basic integrals involving pure mathematics, pure mathematics, exponential and exponent functions, Integration by substitution, by elements and by partial fractions. Integration exploitation pure mathematics identities. Evaluation of straightforward integrals of the kind Integral as limit of a total, basic Theorem of Calculus, Properties of definite integrals, analysis of definite integrals, decisive areas of the regions delimited by easy curves in customary kind. |
Unit 10: Differential equations |
Ordinary differential equations, their order and degree. Formation of differential equations,The solution of differential equations by the tactic of separation of variables, resolution of homogenous and linear differential equations of the type: dy/dx+p(x)y=q(x) |
Unit 11: Co-ordinate Geometry |
Cartesian system of rectangular co-ordinates ten in a very plane, Distance formula, Section formula, Locus and its equation, Translation of axes, Slope of a line, Parallel and perpendicular lines, Intercepts of a line on the coordinate axes. Straight lines: varied sorts of equations of a line, intersection of lines, angles between 2 lines, conditions for concurrence of 3 lines, distance of some extent from a line, equations of internal and external bisectors of angles between 2 lines, coordinates of centre of mass, orthocentre and circumcentre of a triangle, equation of family of lines passing through the purpose of intersection of 2 lines. Circles, conic sections: customary variety of equation of a circle, general variety of the equation of a circle, its radius and centre, equation of a circle once the top points of a diameter area unit given, points of intersection of a line and a circle with the centre at the origin and condition for a line to be tangent to a circle, equation of the tangent. Sections of cones, equations of conic sections (parabola, conic and hyperbola) in customary forms, condition for y = Mx + c to be a tangent and purpose (s) of tangency. |
Unit 12: 3 dimensionalTheory |
Coordinates of some extent in house, distance between 2 points, section formula, direction ratios and direction cosines, angle between 2 intersectant lines. Skew lines, the shortest distance between them and its equation. Equations of a line and a plane in several forms, intersection of a line and a plane, planar lines |
Unit 13: Algebra |
Vectors and scalars, Addition of vectors, parts of a vector in 2 dimensions and 3 dimensional house, Scalar and vector merchandise, scalar and vector triple product |
Unit 14: Statistics and probability Measures of Dispersion |
: Calculation of mean, median, mode of classified and ungrouped information calculation of ordinary deviation, variance and deviation for classified and ungrouped information. chance: Probability of an occasion, addition and multiplication theorems of chance, Baye’s theorem, chance distribution of a random chance variable, Bernoulli trials and distribution. |
Unit 15: Trigonometric identities and equations |
Trigonometrical functions, Inverse trigonometrical functions and their properties, Heights and Distances |
Unit 16: Mathematical reasoning Statements |
logical operations and, or, implies, implied by, if and on condition that and Understanding of tautology, contradiction, converse and contrapositive
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Units |
Physical Chemistry |
Unit 1: Some Basic ideas In Chemistry |
Matter and its nature, Dalton’s atomic theory, thought of atom, molecule, component and compound, Physical quantities and their measurements in Chemistry, exactness and accuracy, important figures, S.I. Units, dimensional analysis, Laws of chemical combination, Atomic and molecular plenty, mole thought, molar mass, proportion composition, empirical and molecular formulae, Chemical equations and ratio |
Unit 2: States Of Matter |
States Of Matter Classification of matter into solid, liquid and aerosolised states. Gaseous State: Measurable properties of gases, Gas laws – Boyle’s law, Charle’s law, Graham’s law of diffusion, Avogadro’s law, Dalton’s law of partial pressure, thought of temperature scale of temperature; perfect gas equation, scientific theory of gases (only postulates), thought of average, root mean sq. and most probable velocities, Real gases, deviation from Ideal behaviour, softness issue and van der Waals equation Liquid State: Properties of liquids – force per unit area, viscousness and physical phenomenon and result of temperature on them (qualitative treatment only). Solid State: Classification of solids: molecular, ionic, valence and gold-bearing solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea), Bragg’s Law and its applications, building block and lattices, packing in solids (fcc, bcc and hcp lattices), voids, calculations involving building block parameters, state in solids, Electrical, magnetic and material properties |
Unit 3: Atomic Structure |
Thomson and Rutherford atomic models and their limitations, Nature of nonparticulate radiation, physical phenomenon result, Spectrum of atom, nuclear physicist model of atom – its postulates, derivation of the relations for energy of the lepton and radii of the various orbits, limitations of Bohr’s model, twin nature of matter, de-Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg indeterminacy principle. Elementary ideas of quantum physics, quantum mechanical model of atom, its vital options, thought of atomic orbitals collectively lepton wave functions and varied quantum numbers (principal, momentum and magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance, shapes of s, p and d – orbitals, lepton spin and spin quantum variety, Rules for filling electrons in orbitals – aufbau principle, Pauli’s Pauli exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of parts, additional stability of half-filled and utterly crammed orbitals |
Unit 4: Chemical Bonding And Molecular Structure |
Kossel – Lewis approach to attractive force formation, thought of ionic and valence bonds. Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors touching the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice H. Covalent Bonding: thought of tendency, Fajan’s rule, moment, Valence Shell lepton combine Repulsion (VSEPR) theory and shapes of easy molecules, Quantum mechanical approach to valence bonding: Valence bond theory – Its vital options, thought of hybridisation involving s, p and d orbitals, Resonance, Molecular Orbital Theory – Its vital options, LCAOs, forms of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), letter of the alphabet and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear substance molecules, thought of bond order, bond length and bond energy. |
Unit 5: Chemical Thermodynamics |
Thermodynamics Fundamentals of thermodynamics: System and surroundings, intensive and intensive properties, state functions, forms of processes. First law of natural philosophy – thought of labor, heat internal energy and H, heat capability, molar heat capability, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, physical change, hydration, ionization and answer, Second law of natural philosophy, naturalness of processes, DS of the universe and weight unit of the system as criteria for naturalness, Dgo (Standard Gibbs energy change) and constant |
Unit 6: Solutions |
– concentration, molarity, mole fraction, proportion (by volume and mass both), force per unit area of solutions and Raoult’s Law – Ideal and non-ideal solutions, force per unit area – composition, plots for ideal and non-ideal solutions, Colligative properties of dilute solutions – relative lowering of force per unit area, depression of melting point, elevation of boiling purpose and pressure level, Determination of molecular mass victimisation colligative properties; Abnormal worth of molar mass, van’t Hoff issue and its significance |
Unit 7: Equilibrium |
Meaning of equilibrium, the thought of dynamic equilibrium. Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid-liquid, liquid – gas and solid-gas equilibria, Henry’s law, general characteristics of equilibrium involving physical processes, Equilibria involving chemical processes: Law of chemical reaction, equilibrium constants (Kp and Kc) and their significance, the importance of weight unit and DGo in chemical equilibria, factors touching equilibrium concentration, pressure, temperature, the result of catalyst; autoimmune disease Chatelier’s principle. Ionic equilibrium: Weak and robust electrolytes, ionization of electrolytes, varied ideas of acids and bases (Arrhenius, Bronsted – Lowry and Lewis) and their ionization, acid-base equilibria (including multi stage ionization) and ionization constants, ionization of water, pH scale, common particle result, reaction of salts and hydrogen ion concentration of their solutions, solubility of meagerly soluble salts and solubility product, buffer solutions |
Unit 8: Redox Reactions And Electrochemistry |
Electronic ideas of reaction and reduction, oxidation-reduction reactions, oxidation state, rules for distribution oxidation state, reconciliation of oxidation-reduction reactions. Electrolytic and gold-bearing conductivity, electrical phenomenon in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivities and their variation with concentration: Kohlrausch’s law and its applications. Electrochemical cells – Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, differing kinds of electrodes, conductor potentials together with commonplace conductor potential, [*fr1] – cell and cell reactions, voltage of a primary cell and its activity, Walther Hermann Nernst equation and its applications; Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs’ energy amendment, Leclanche cell and lead accumulator; Fuel cells |
Unit 9: Chemical Kinetics |
Rate of a chemical action, factors touching the speed of reactions: concentration, temperature, pressure and catalyst elementary and complicated reactions, order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate constant and its units, differential and integral kinds of zero and first-order reactions, their characteristics and half-lives, result of temperature on rate of reactions – chemist theory, energy of activation and its calculation, collision theory of unit aerosolised reactions (no derivation). |
Unit 10: Surface Chemistry |
Physisorption and adsorption and their characteristics, factors touching sorption of gases on solids – Freundlich and Irving Langmuir sorption isotherms, sorption from solutions. Colloidal state- distinction among true solutions, colloids and suspensions, classification of colloids – lyophilic, lyophobic multi molecular, molecule and associated colloids (micelles), preparation and properties of colloids – Tyndall effect, pedesis, natural action, dialysis, clotting and natural action, Emulsions and their characteristics |
UNITS |
Inorganic Chemistry |
Unit 11: Classification Of Elements And Periodicity In Properties |
Modem law and gift sort of the table, s, p, d and f block parts, periodic trends in properties of parts atomic and ionic radii, ionization heat content, negatron gain heat content, valence, oxidisation states and chemical reactivity |
Unit 12: General Principles And Processes Of Isolation Of Metals |
Modes of prevalence of parts in nature, minerals, ores; Steps concerned within the extraction of metals – concentration, reduction (chemical and electrolytic methods) and purification with special regard to the extraction of Al, Cu, metal and Fe; physics and chemical science principles concerned within the extraction of metals |
Unit 13: Hydrogen |
, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of H, Physical and chemical properties of water and deuterium oxide, Structure, preparation, reactions and uses of peroxide, H as a fue |
Unit 14: S – Block Elements (Alkali And Alkaline Earth Metals) |
(Alkali And alkaline-earth metal Metals) Group – 1 and a couple of Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of parts, abnormal properties of the primary component of every cluster, diagonal relationships. Preparation and properties of some vital compounds – sal soda and Na hydroxide; Industrial uses of lime, limestone, Plaster of Paris and cement; Biological significance of sodium, K, Mg and Ca |
Unit 15: P – Block Elements |
thirteen to cluster eighteen parts General Introduction: Electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of parts across the periods and down the clusters; distinctive behaviour of the primary component in every group. Groupwise study of the p – block parts Group – 13: Preparation, properties and uses of B and aluminium; properties of chemical element acid, diborane, fluoride, aluminum chloride and alums. Group – 14: Allotropes of carbon, tendency for catenation; Structure & properties of silicates, and zeolites. Group – 15: Properties and uses of element and phosphorus; chemical phenomenon kinds of phosphorus; Preparation, properties, structure and uses of ammonia, acid, gas and phosphorus halides, (PCl3, PCl5); Structures of oxides and oxoacids of phosphorus. Group – 16: Preparation, properties, structures and uses of ozone; chemical phenomenon kinds of sulphur; Preparation, properties, structures and uses of vitriol (including its industrial preparation); Structures of oxoacids of sulphur. Group – 17: Preparation, properties and uses of hydrochloric acid; Trends within the acidic nature of H halides; Structures of Interhalogen compounds and oxides and oxoacids of halogens. Group –18: prevalence and uses of noble gases; Structures of fluorides and oxides of argonon |
UNIT 16: D – And F – Block Elements |
General introduction, electronic configuration, prevalence and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first-row transition parts – physical properties, ionization heat content, oxidisation states, atomic radii, colour, chemical action behaviour, magnetic properties, complicated formation, opening compounds, alloy formation; Preparation, properties and uses of K2 Cr2 O7 and KMnO4. Inner Transition Elements: Lanthanoids – Electronic configuration, oxidisation states and lanthanon contraction. Actinoids – Electronic configuration and oxidisation states |
Unit 17: Co-Ordination Compounds |
Introduction to coordination compounds, Werner’s theory, ligands, co-ordination variety, denticity, chelation; IUPAC word of mononucleate co-ordination compounds, isomerism, Bonding-Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal theory, color and magnetic properties; Importance of co-ordination compounds (in chemical analysis, extraction of metals and in biological systems) |
Unit 18: Environmental Chemistry |
part, water and soil., part pollution – Tropospheric and Stratospheric, Tropospheric pollution – airlike pollutants: Oxides of carbon, element and sulphur, hydrocarbons; their sources, harmful effects and hindrance; atmospheric phenomenon and world warming; Acid rain; Particulate pollutants: Smoke, dust, smog, fumes, mist; their sources, harmful effects and prevention, Stratospheric pollution- Formation and breakdown of gas, depletion of ozonosphere – its mechanism and effects.Water Pollution – Major pollutants like pathogens, organic wastes and chemical pollutants; their harmful effects and hindrance, Soil pollution – Major pollutants like Pesticides (insecticides, herbicides and fungicides), their harmful effects and hindrance. methods to regulate environmental pollution. Section C: chemical science |
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY |
Unit 19: Purification And Characterization Of Organic Compounds |
Crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction and natural action – principles and their applications Qualitative analysis – Detection of element, sulphur, phosphorus and halogens. Quantitative analysis (basic principles only) – Estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens, sulphur, phosphorus. Calculations of empirical formulae and molecular formulae; Numerical issues in organic measure |
Unit 20: Some Basic Principles Of Organic Chemistry |
Tetravalency of carbon; Shapes of easy molecules – union (s and p); Classification of organic compounds supported useful groups: – C = C –, – C h C – and people containing halogens, oxygen, element and sulphur; Homologous series; state – structural and stereoisomerism. Nomenclature (Trivial and IUPAC) chemical bond fission – Homolytic and heterolytic: free radicals, carbocations and carbanions; stability of carbocations and free radicals, electrophiles and nucleophiles. Electronic displacement in a very chemical bond – Inductive result, electromeric result, resonance and hyperconjugation. |
Unit 21: Hydrocarbons |
Classification, isomerism, IUPAC word, general ways of preparation, properties and reactions. Alkanes – Conformations: horse and Newman projections (of ethane); Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes. Alkenes – Geometrical isomerism; Mechanism of electrophilic addition: addition of H, halogens, water, H halides (Markownikoff’s and peroxide effect); Ozonolysis and chemical change. Alkynes – Acidic character; Addition of H, halogens, water and H halides; chemical change. Aromatic hydrocarbons – word, benzol – structure and aromaticity; Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation, nitration, Friedel – Craft’s alkylation and chemical change, directive influence of the useful cluster in mono-substituted benzol. |
Unit 22: Organic Compounds Containing Halogens |
properties and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; Mechanisms of substitution reactions. Uses; Environmental effects of chloroform & iodoform |
Unit 23: Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen |
General strategies of preparation, properties, reactions and uses. Alcohols, Phenols And Ethers Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration, Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation, nitration and sulphonation, Reimer – Tiemann reaction, Ethers: Structure, organic compound and Ketones: Nature of group, Nucleophilic addition to >C=O cluster, relative reactivities of aldehydes and ketones, vital reactions like – Nucleophilic addition reactions (addition of HCN, NH3 and its derivatives), Grignard reagent; oxidation; reduction (Wolff Kishner and Clemmensen); the acidity of r – element, organic compound condensation, Cannizzaro reaction, alkyl halide reaction; Chemical tests to differentiate between aldehydes and Ketones. Carboxylic Acids Acidic strength and factors touching it. |
Unit 24: Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen |
Compounds Containing gas General strategies of preparation, properties, reactions and uses, Amines: language, classification, structure, basic character and identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines and their basic character, cation Salts: Importance in artificial chemical science. |
Unit 25: Polymers |
General introduction and classification of polymers, general strategies of polymerization-addition and condensation, copolymerization, Natural and artificial rubber and vulcanisation, some vital polymers with stress on their monomers and uses – synthetic resin, nylon, polyester and Bakelite |
UNIT 26: Biomolecules |
General introduction and importance of biomolecules, Carbohydrates – Classification: aldoses and ketoses; monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) and constituent monosaccharides of oligosaccharides (sucrose, milk sugar and maltose), Proteins – Elementary plan of r – amino acids, chemical bond, polypeptides; Proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure (qualitative plan only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes, Vitamins – Classification and functions, Nucleic Acids – Chemical constitution of DNA and RNA. Biological functions of nucleic acids |
UNIT 27: Chemistry in Everyday Life |
Chemicals in medicines – Analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, prophylactic medicine, antibiotics, antacids, medicinal drug – their that means and customary examples. Chemicals in food – Preservatives, artificial sweetening agents – common examples. Cleansing agents – Soaps and detergents, cleansing action |
UNIT 28: Principles Related To Practical Chemistry |
Detection of additional components (N, S, halogens) in organic compounds; Detection of the subsequent purposeful groups: group (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketone), carboxyl and amino teams in organic compounds. The chemistry concerned within the preparation of the following: Inorganic compounds: Mohr’s salt, aluminum. Organic compounds: analgesic, p nitroacetanilide, aminoalkane yellow, iodoform |
Units |
Content |
Unit 1: Physics And Measurement |
Technology and society, S I units, elementary and derived units, Least count, accuracy and exactness of activity instruments, Errors in measure, Dimensions of Physical quantities, dimensional analysis and its applications |
Unit 2: Kinematics |
, Motion in an exceedingly straight line: Position-time graph, speed and speed, Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and fast speed, Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graphs, relations for uniformly accelerated motion. Scalars and Vectors, Vector addition and Subtraction, Zero Vector, Scalar and Vector product, Unit Vector, Resolution of a Vector, Relative speed, Motion in an exceedingly plane, Projectile Motion, Uniform Circular Motion |
Unit 3: Laws Of Motion |
Newton’s 1st Law of motion; Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion; Impulse; Newton’s Third Law of motion, Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications, Equilibrium of synchronous forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction Dynamics of uniform circular motion: force and its applications |
Unit 4: Work, Energy And Power |
Work done by a continuing force and a variable force; kinetic and potential energies, work energy theorem, power. Potential energy of a spring, conservation of energy, conservative and non-conservative forces; Elastic and springless collisions in one and 2 dimensions |
Unit 5: Rotational Motion |
Motion Centre of mass of a two-particle system, Centre of mass of a rigid body; Basic ideas of motility motion; moment of a force, torque, momentum, conservation of momentum and its applications; moment of inertia, radius of gyration. Values of moments of inertia for straightforward geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications. Rigid body rotation, equations of motility motion. |
Unit 6: Gravitation |
The universal law of gravitation, Acceleration thanks to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth, Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, attractive force potential energy; attractive force potential, speed, Orbital speed of a satellite. Geo-stationary satellites |
Unit 7: Properties Of Solids And Liquids |
Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s Law, Young’s modulus, coefficient of elasticity, modulus of rigidity, Pressure thanks to a fluid column; Pascal’s law and its applications, Viscosity, Stokes’ law, velocity, contour and flow, Sir Joshua Reynolds range. Bernoulli’s principle and its applications, Surface energy and physical phenomenon, angle of contact, application of physical phenomenon – drops, bubbles and capillary rise, Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; heat energy capability, calorimetry; amendment of state, heat of transformation, Heat transfer-conduction, convection and radiation, Newton’s law of cooling. |
Unit 8: Thermodynamics |
Thermal equilibrium, ordinal law of physical science, conception of temperature, Heat, work and internal energy, 1st law of physical science, Second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes, Carnot engine and its potency |
Unit 9: Kinetic Theory Of Gases |
Equation of state of an ideal gas, work done on pressing a gas, scientific theory of gases – assumptions, conception of pressure, mechanical energy and temperature: rms speed of gas molecules; Degrees of freedom, Law of equipartition of energy, applications to heat energy capacities of gases; Mean free path, Avogadro’s range |
Unit 10: Oscillations And Waves |
amount, frequency, displacement as a operate of your time. Periodic functions. easy periodic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; phase; oscillations of a spring -restoring force and force constant; energy in S.H.M. – kinetic and potential energies; pendulum – derivation of expression for its time period; Free, forced and damped oscillations, resonance Wave motion. Longitudinal and transversal waves, speed of a wave. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, Standing waves in strings and organ pipes, elementary mode and harmonics, Beats, propagation in sound |
Unit 11: Electrostatics |
: Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law-forces between 2 purpose charges, forces between multiple charges; principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field: field thanks to some extent charge, field lines, dipole, field thanks to a dipole, torsion on a dipole in an exceedingly uniform field. -Electric flux, Gauss’s law and its applications to search out field thanks to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged skinny spherical shell. the electrical potential and its calculation for some extent charge, dipole and system of charges; Equipotential surfaces, Electrical mechanical energy of a system of 2 purpose charges in AN electric field. -Conductors and insulators, Dielectrics and electrical polarization, capacitor, combination of capacitors serial and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate electrical device with and while not insulator medium between the plates, Energy hold on in an exceedingly electrical device |
Unit 12: Current Electricity |
Drift speed, Ohm’s law, resistivity, Resistances of various materials, V-I characteristics of resistance unit and non resistance unit conductors, voltage and power, Electrical impedance, color code for resistors; Series and parallel combos of resistors; Temperature dependence of resistance, electrical device and its Internal resistance, potential drop and electrical phenomenon of a cell, combination of cells serial and in parallel, Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications, Wheatstone bridge, Metre bridge, Potentiometer – principle and its applications. |
Unit 13: Magnetic Effects Of Current And Magnetism |
– Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loops. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and magnet. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electrical fields. Cyclotron. Force on a current-carrying conductor in an exceedingly uniform force field. Force between 2 parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere. torsion intimate with by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Moving coil meter, its current sensitivity and conversion to meter and meter. Current loop as a dipole and its dipole moment. magnet as the same magnet, force field lines; Earth’s force field and magnetic components. Para-, dia- and ferro- magnetic substances. Magnetic condition and porosity, Hysteresis, Electromagnets and permanent magnets. |
Unit 14: Electromagnetic Induction And Alternating Currents |
force Induction And Alternating Currents Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced electrical phenomenon and current; Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents, Self and coefficient, Alternating currents, peak and rms worth of alternating current/ voltage; electrical phenomenon and impedance; LCR circuit, resonance; Quality issue, power in AC circuits, wattlesscurrentm, AC generator and electrical device.
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Unit 15: Electromagnetic Waves |
Waves Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics. crosswise nature of magnetic attraction waves, spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X Rays, gamma rays), Applications of e.m. waves |
Unit 16: Optics |
Reflection and refraction of sunshine at plane and spherical surfaces, mirror formula, Total internal reflection and its applications, Deviation and Dispersion of sunshine by a prism, Lens Formula, Magnification, Power of a Lens, Combination of skinny lenses in touch, magnifier and scope (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers. Wave optics and wave front and Huygens’ principle, Laws of reflection and refraction exploitation physicist principle. Interference, Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe . Diffraction thanks to one slit, of central most, resolution of microscopes and astronomical telescopes, Polarisation, plane polarized light; Brewster’s law, uses of plane polarized light-weight and Polaroids |
Unit 17: Dual Nature Of Matter And radiation |
radiation Dual nature of radiation, physical phenomenon impact, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s physical phenomenon equation; particle nature of sunshine, Matter waves-wave nature of particles, Broglie relation, Davisson-Germer experiment |
Unit 18: Atoms And Nuclei |
Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Niels Henrik David Bohr model, energy levels, element spectrum, Composition and size of nucleus, atomic plenty, isotopes, isobars; isotones, Radioactivity-alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties; disintegration law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect; separation energy per heavy particle and its variation with nucleon number, fission and fusion. |
Unit 19: Electronic Devices |
semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of crystal rectifier, photodiode, cell and Zener diode; Zener diode as a transformer, semiconductor unit, electronic transistor action, characteristics of a electronic transistor; transistor as AN electronic equipment (common electrode configuration) and generator. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR), electronic transistor as a switch |
Unit 20: Communication Systems |
Propagation of magnetic attraction waves within the atmosphere; Sky and house wave propagation, want for modulation, Amplitude and modulation, Band of signals, Band of Transmission medium, Basic components of a Communication System |
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